When it comes to accurate construction estimation and cost control, two terms are essential: Material Constants and Labor Constants . What are They? Material Constants: These are standard quantities of materials required to complete a unit of a specific construction activity (e.g., how many bags of cement for 1 cubic meter of concrete). Labour Constants: These define the typical quantum of labor (in man-hours or number of workers) required to execute a unit of specific wor

With numerous variables involved in construction systems, keeping an established grip over cost control is essential. The most effective...